Portable Crusher As Surface Copper Mining Equipment

surface copper mining is inseparable from portable copper ore crusher.

Surface Copper Mining Methods

As we known, most copper is produced by surface mining methods. Surface mining involves the excavation of ore from the surface by removing overburden (nonmineralized soil and rock that cover an ore body) and waste rock (poorly mineralized or very low-grade soil and rock that are within the ore body or surrounding it) to expose higher-grade minerals. In general, overburden is removed as efficiently and rapidly as possible, usually with little comminution. Overburden piles compose the largest volume of wastes generated by surface extraction activities.

Portable Crusher As Surface Copper Mining Equipment

The Advantage Of Copper Mining

Advantages of surface mining operations, as compared to underground operations, include flexibility in production rates without deterioration of workings, relative safety for workers, ability to practice selective mining and grade control, and low cost per ton of ore recovered.Portable ore copper crusher used in surface mining can greatly reduce costs and improve productivity. Surface mining also has lower developmentand maintenance costs than underground mining because it requires fewer specialized systems. During expanded development, however, some surface mines with large amounts of prestripping waste could have higher costs than established underground mines.

Open-pit Mining Used In Copper Mining Industry

Open-pit mining is most common in the copper mining industry because the ore body being mined is large and the overburden depth is usually limited. Open-pit mine designs are based on the configuration of the ore body, the competence of the rock, and other factors. The mine shape is formed by a series of benches or terraces arranged in a spiral or in levels with interconnecting ramps. Open-pit mines may reach several thousand feet below the surface. The different stages of open-pit mining are depicted in Figure 1-1In the development stage, overburden is stripped off to expose the ore. The waste and ore are excavated bydrilling rows of 6- to 12-inch (diameter) blast holes. Samples from the blast holes are analyzed to determine the grade. The blast holes are filled with a mixture of ammonium nitrate and fuel oil (ANFO) type explosive. Most mining operations use nonelectric caps and delays to control the blasting sequence. Usually, an entire segment of a bench is "shot" at one time. Subsequently, large electric or diesel shovels or front-end loaders transport the ore onto trucks, trains, or conveyor belts for removal to milling or leaching facilities, depending on the type of ore (sulfide or oxide) and grade. A pneumatic or hydraulic impact hammer, similar to a jackhammer, is used to break up waste and ore too large to handle in the pit or in subsequent crushing operations.

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